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Hurricane Nicole (1998)
Hurricane Nicole was the last hurricane in the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season. It developed from a frontal low to the south of the Azores on November 24, and quickly strengthened to reach winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) as it moved to the west-southwest. An approaching upper-level trough moved over the system, producing strong wind shear which rapidly weakened Nicole to a tropical depression. After the trough passed, the system entered an area of lighter shear, and steadily restrengthened. An approaching cold front turned it to the northeast, and while moving over anomalously warm sea surface temperatures Nicole attained hurricane status. It reached a peak intensity of 85 mph (135 km/h) on December 1, and rapidly weakened over the waters of the north Atlantic Ocean. Nicole is one of five December Atlantic hurricanes on record.
==Origins==
A strong frontal low located several hundred miles south of the Azores persisted for several days in late November while remaining nearly stationary. After it began moving steadily to the west, a tightly-wrapped band of convection developed near the center, and it is estimated the system developed into Tropical Depression Fourteen on November 24 while located 725 miles (1,165 km) south of Lajes, Azores. The system quickly intensified as it moved west-southwestward, and strengthened into Tropical Storm Nicole six hours after forming. Tropical Storm Nicole was a small storm, and upon first forming tropical storm force winds extended only 60 miles (95 km) from the center.
A few hours after attaining tropical storm status, a ship just north of the center reported winds of 41 mph (66 km/h), confirming the system was a tropical storm. Located to the south of a strong mid-level ridge, Nicole continued to the west-southwest while centered within a large upper-level low. Common for late-season development in the subtropics, this produced light vertical shear over the storm.〔 The storm moved through an area of marginal sea surface temperatures of 77°F (25°C). An intermittent eye feature of the small area of deep convection, and Nicole quickly strengthened to reach an initial peak intensity of 70 mph (115 km/h). After maintaining its peak for around twelve hours, an upper-level trough moved rapidly eastward over Nicole, which produced high levels of wind shear.〔 The shear weakened the storm, and by late on November 25 the center became exposed to the west of the diminishing deep convection. The shear dissipated most of the convection, and Nicole degenerated to a tropical depression on November 26. Operationally, advisories were discontinued,〔 and regeneration was considered unlikely.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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